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Severe adhesive small bowel obstruction

null

《医学前沿（英文）》 2012年 第6卷 第4期   页码 436-439 doi: 10.1007/s11684-012-0221-7

摘要：

Adhesive small bowel obstruction is a frequent cause of hospital admission. Water soluble contrast studies may have diagnostic and therapeutic value and avoid challenging demanding surgical operations, but if bowel ischemia is suspected, prompt surgical intervention is mandatory. A 58-year-old patient was operated for extensive adhesive small bowel obstruction after having had two previous laparotomies for colorectal surgery, and had a complex clinical course with multiple operations and several complications. Different strategies of management have been adopted, including non-operative management with the use of hyperosmolar water soluble contrast medium, multiple surgical procedures, total parenteral nutrition (TPN) support, and finally use of anti-adherences icodextrin solution. After 2 years follow-up the patient was doing well without presenting recurrent episodes of adhesive small bowel obstruction. For patients admitted several times for adhesive small bowel obstruction, the relative risk of recurring obstruction increases in relation to the number of prior episodes. Several strategies for non-operative conservative management of adhesive small bowel obstruction have already addressed diagnostic and therapeutic value of hyperosmolar water soluble contrast. According to the most recent evidence-based guidelines, open surgery is the preferred method for surgical treatment of strangulating adhesive small bowel obstruction as well as after failed conservative management. Research interest and clinical evidence are increasing in adhesions prevention. Hyaluronic acid-carboxycellulose membrane and icodextrin may reduce incidence of adhesions.

关键词： post-operative intraperitoneal adhesions     adhesive small bowel obstruction     adhesiolysis     antiadhesion treatments     hyperosmolar water soluble contrast medium    

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Appendiceal inflammation affects the length of stay following appendicectomy amongst children: a myth or reality?

null

《医学前沿（英文）》 2013年 第7卷 第2期   页码 264-269 doi: 10.1007/s11684-013-0259-1

摘要：

The effect of the severity of appendiceal inflammation on post-operative stay in children following appendicectomy has shown conflicting results. This study was conducted to determine the association between the severity of appendiceal inflammation and post-operative stay amongst children undergoing open appendicectomy. A retrospective cohort study was conducted at a District General Hospital for two years. A total of 204 patients were included in the study with an age range between 3 and 16 years. Females were 54.9% while the rest were male. Mean age was 12.5±3 years. The association of the severity of appendiceal inflammation and post-operative stay was assessed by multivariable Cox Proportional hazards model. Mean post-operative stay was 2.32 days (95% CI 2.14–2.51). Macroscopically perforated appendix, histological inflammation and post-operative complications were significantly associated with post-operative stay on univariable analysis (P<0.05). Whereas, the multivariable analysis showed that the post-operative stay was significantly prolonged only in case of either perforated appendix or post-operative complications while it remained unaffected by the histological inflammation.

关键词： appendiceal inflammation     post-operative stay     paediatrics    

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Emergency strategies and trends in the management of liver trauma

null

《医学前沿（英文）》 2012年 第6卷 第3期   页码 225-233 doi: 10.1007/s11684-012-0186-6

摘要：

The liver is the most frequently injured organ during abdominal trauma. The management of hepatic trauma has undergone a paradigm shift over the past several decades, with mandatory operation giving way to nonoperative treatment. Better understanding of the mechanisms and grade of liver injury aids in the initial assessment and establishment of a management strategy. Hemodynamically unstable patients should undergo focused abdominal sonography for trauma, whereas stable patients may undergo computed tomography, the standard examination protocol. The grade of liver injury alone does not accurately predict the need for operation, and nonoperative management is rapidly becoming popular for high-grade injuries. Hemodynamic instability with positive focused abdominal sonography for trauma and peritonitis is an indicator of the need for emergent operative intervention. The damage control concept is appropriate for the treatment of major liver injuries and is associated with significant survival advantages compared with traditional prolonged surgical techniques. Although surgical intervention for hepatic trauma is not as common now as it was in the past, current trauma surgeons should be familiar with the emergency surgical skills necessary to manage complex hepatic injuries, such as packing, Pringle maneuver, selective vessel ligation, resectional debridement, and parenchymal sutures. The present review presents emergency strategies and trends in the management of liver trauma.

关键词： liver trauma     nonoperative management     operative management    

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屈螺酮炔雌醇片预防稽留流产清宫术后宫腔粘连初步研究

赵现立,刘朝阳,谭宏伟,张恩娣

《中国工程科学》 2015年 第17卷 第6期   页码 13-15

摘要：

目的：观察稽留流产清宫术后服用屈螺酮炔雌醇片对减轻宫腔粘连发生的效果。方法：选择2013年6月至2014年6月在西北妇女儿童医院（陕西省妇幼保健院）诊断为稽留流产并实施清宫术的患者220例，随机分成观察组和对照组，每组110例。两组患者均在清宫术前服用米非司酮片150 mg和米索前列醇片600 μg治疗，术后常规应用抗生素3天。观察组：清宫术后给予屈螺酮炔雌醇片，每天服用一片，连续3个周期，对照组：患者实施清宫术后不给予屈螺酮炔雌醇片治疗。观察手术时间、胚胎绒毛大小、患者阴道流血持续时间、月经复潮时间、术后2周超声检查子宫内膜以及宫腔镜检查宫腔粘连情况。结果：观察组术后阴道流血天数（（4.98±0.80）天）及月经复潮时间（（28.41±1.61）天）显著少于对照组（P＜0.05）。观察组患者术后子宫内膜厚度（（9.12±1.12） mm）明显高于对照组子宫内膜厚度（（6.23±1.16）mm），两组比较差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。观察组的宫腔粘连率显著低于对照组（x2=4.67，P=0.031）。结论：清宫术后口服屈螺酮炔雌醇片是减少稽留流产术后发生宫腔粘连的一种安全有效的方法。

关键词： 稽留流产     宫腔粘连     屈螺酮炔雌醇片    

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Efficacy and safety of JAK inhibitor INC424 in patients with primary and post-polycythemia vera or post-essential

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《医学前沿（英文）》 2016年 第10卷 第4期   页码 437-443 doi: 10.1007/s11684-016-0472-9

摘要：

A phase II study (A2202) was performed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of JAK inhibitor ruxolitinib in 63 Chinese MF patients. Ruxolitinib was given twice a day (bid) at a starting dose of 15 mg (n=25) or 20 mg (n=38) based on a baseline platelet count. About 94.7% of the patients achieved a reduction in spleen size, 27.0% of which exhibited significant reduction (≥35%) at week 24. Significant improvement in debilitating constitutional symptoms, as assessed by MFSAF v2.0, was observed in patients treated with ruxolitinib. Ruxolitinib treatment was generally well tolerated by Chinese patients. Although the treatment was associated with an increase in certain adverse events (AEs) that were established as identified risks (anemia and thrombocytopenia), these AEs were considered manageable in this clinical setting. Ruxolitinib provided substantial reductions in splenomegaly and improvements in symptoms, and was well-tolerated by Chinese patients with MF.

关键词： JAK     ruxolitinib     Chinese patients     myelofibrosis    

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Dynamic modelling and simulation of a post-combustion CO capture process for coal-fired power plants

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第2期   页码 198-209 doi: 10.1007/s11705-021-2057-7

摘要： Solvent-based post-combustion capture technologies have great potential for CO2 mitigation in traditional coal-fired power plants. Modelling and simulation provide a low-cost opportunity to evaluate performances and guide flexible operation. Composed by a series of partial differential equations, first-principle post-combustion capture models are computationally expensive, which limits their use in real time process simulation and control. In this study, we propose a first-principle approach to develop the basic structure of a reduced-order model and then the dominant factor is used to fit properties and simplify the chemical and physical process, based on which a universal and hybrid post-combustion capture model is established. Model output at steady state and trend at dynamic state are validated using experimental data obtained from the literature. Then, impacts of liquid-to-gas ratio, reboiler power, desorber pressure, tower height and their combination on the absorption and desorption effects are analyzed. Results indicate that tower height should be designed in conjunction with the flue gas flow, and the gas-liquid ratio can be optimized to reduce the reboiler power under a certain capture target.

关键词： CO2 capture     post-combustion capture     simulation     dominant factor    

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Adiponectin: mechanisms and new therapeutic approaches for restoring diabetic heart sensitivity to ischemic post-conditioning

null

《医学前沿（英文）》 2013年 第7卷 第3期   页码 301-305 doi: 10.1007/s11684-013-0283-1

摘要：

Systemic inflammatory response following myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) to a specific organ may cause injuries. Ischemic post-conditioning (IPostC) has emerged as a promising method for myocardial protection against IRI both in experimental and in clinical settings. Enhancement of endogenous nitric oxide (NO) is one of the major mechanisms by which IPostC confers cardioprotection. However, the sensitivity of the diabetic heart to IPostC is impaired and the underlying mechanism is unknown. Adiponectin (APN) is an adipocyte-derived plasma protein with anti-diabetic and anti-inflammatory properties. Plasma levels of APN are decreased in obese subjects and in patients with type 2 diabetes. APN supplementation has been shown to increase NO production and attenuate myocardial IRI in normal (non-diabetic) animals. However, the effect of APN on myocardial injury in diabetic subjects, especially its potential in restoring the sensitivity of the diabetic heart to IPostC has not been investigated. In the current paper, we discussed the possible reasons why the myocardium of diabetic subjects loses sensitivity to IPostC and also highlighted the potential effectiveness and mechanism of APN in restoring IPostC cardioprotection in diabetes. This review proposes to conduct studies that may facilitate the development of novel and optimal therapies to enhance cardioprotection in patients with severe diseases such as diabetes.

关键词： adiponectin     ischemic post-conditioning     ischemia reperfusion injury     diabetes    

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Internet of Things (IoT)–blockchain-enabled pharmaceutical supply chain resilience in the post-pandemic

《工程管理前沿（英文）》   页码 82-95 doi: 10.1007/s42524-022-0233-1

摘要： During the COVID-19 pandemic, the current operating environment of pharmaceutical supply chain (PSC) has rapidly changed and faced increasing risks of disruption. The Internet of Things (IoT) and blockchain not only help enhance the efficiency of PSC operations in the information technology domain but also address complex related issues and improve the visibility, flexibility, and transparency of these operations. Although IoT and blockchain have been widely examined in the areas of supply chain and logistics management, further work on PSC is expected by the public to enhance its resilience. To respond to this call, this paper combines a literature review with semi-structured interviews to investigate the characteristics of PSC, the key aspects affecting PSC, and the challenges faced by PSC in the post-pandemic era. An IoT–blockchain-integrated hospital-side oriented PSC management model is also developed. This paper highlights how IoT and blockchain technology can enhance supply chain resilience and provides a reference on how PSC members can cope with the associated risks.

关键词： pharmaceutical supply chain     Internet of Things     blockchain     resilience     post-pandemic era    

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Parametric study of hexagonal castellated beams in post-tensioned self-centering steel connections

Hassan ABEDI SARVESTANI

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2019年 第13卷 第5期   页码 1020-1035 doi: 10.1007/s11709-019-0534-6

摘要： The effects of important parameters (beam reinforcing plates, initial post-tensioning, and material properties of steel angles) on the behavior of hexagonal castellated beams in post-tensioned self-centering (PTSC) connections undergone cyclic loading up to 4% lateral drift have been investigated by finite element (FE) analysis using ABAQUS. The PTSC connection is comprised of bolted top and bottom angles as energy dissipaters and steel strands to provide self-centering capacity. The FE analysis has also been validated against the experimental test. The new formulations derived from analytical method has been proposed to predict bending moment of PTSC connections. The web-post buckling in hexagonal castellated beams has been identified as the dominant failure mode when excessive initial post-tensioning force is applied to reach greater bending moment resistance, so it is required to limit the highest initial post-tensioning force to prevent this failure. Furthermore, properties of steel material has been simulated using bilinear elastoplastic modeling with 1.5% strain-hardening which has perfectly matched with the real material of steel angles. It is recommended to avoid using steel angles with high yielding strength since they lead to the yielding of bolt shank. The necessity of reinforcing plates to prevent beam flange from local buckling has been reaffirmed.

关键词： finite element analysis     hexagonal castellated beam     parametric study     post-tensioned self-centering steel connection     steel moment-resisting frame    

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Special issue: Advancing supply chain resilience for excellence in the post-pandemic era

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2023年 第10卷 第1期   页码 1-4 doi: 10.1007/s42524-022-0246-9

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Integrated adsorption and absorption process for post-combustion CO

Gongkui Xiao, Penny Xiao, Andrew Hoadley, Paul Webley

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第3期   页码 483-492 doi: 10.1007/s11705-020-1964-3

摘要： This study explored the feasibility of integrating an adsorption and solvent scrubbing process for post-combustion CO capture from a coal-fired power plant. This integrated process has two stages: the first is a vacuum swing adsorption (VSA) process using activated carbon as the adsorbent, and the second stage is a solvent scrubber/stripper system using monoethanolamine (30 wt-%) as the solvent. The results showed that the adsorption process could enrich CO in the flue gas from 12 to 50 mol-% with a CO recovery of >90%, and the concentrated CO stream fed to the solvent scrubber had a significantly lower volumetric flowrate. The increased CO concentration and reduced feed flow to the absorption section resulted in significant reduction in the diameter of the solvent absorber, bringing the size of the absorber from uneconomically large to readily achievable domain. In addition, the VSA process could also remove most of the oxygen initially existed in the feed gas, alleviating the downstream corrosion and degradation problems in the absorption section. The findings in this work will reduce the technical risks associated with the state-of-the art solvent absorption technology for CO capture and thus accelerate the deployment of such technologies to reduce carbon emissions.

关键词： vacuum swing adsorption     monoethanolamine     post-combustion     CO2 capture     integrated process    

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Interactions between remote ischemic conditioning and post-stroke sleep regulation

《医学前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第6期   页码 867-876 doi: 10.1007/s11684-021-0887-9

摘要： Sleep disturbances are common in patients with stroke, and sleep quality has a critical role in the onset and outcome of stroke. Poor sleep exacerbates neurological injury, impedes nerve regeneration, and elicits serious complications. Thus, exploring a therapy suitable for patients with stroke and sleep disturbances is imperative. As a multi-targeted nonpharmacological intervention, remote ischemic conditioning can reduce the ischemic size of the brain, improve the functional outcome of stroke, and increase sleep duration. Preclinical/clinical evidence showed that this method can inhibit the inflammatory response, mediate the signal transductions of adenosine, activate the efferents of the vagal nerve, and reset the circadian clocks, all of which are involved in sleep regulation. In particular, cytokines tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) and adenosine are sleep factors, and electrical vagal nerve stimulation can improve insomnia. On the basis of the common mechanisms of remote ischemic conditioning and sleep regulation, a causal relationship was proposed between remote ischemic conditioning and post-stroke sleep quality.

关键词： remote ischemic conditioning     sleep regulation     stroke    

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Experimental study on pile-end post-grouting piles for super-large bridge pile foundations

Weiming GONG, Guoliang DAI, Haowen ZHANG

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2009年 第3卷 第2期   页码 228-233 doi: 10.1007/s11709-009-0019-0

摘要： The application of pile-end post-grouting piles for super-large bridge pile foundations in some important projects was introduced in this paper. There are totally 21 test piles. The maximum pile diameter varies from 2.5 m to 3 m, and the maximum length is 125 m; the bearing capacity of the post-grouting piles is over ten thousands tons. Based on the test results, the bearing capacity, displacement, and bearing characteristic before and after grouting were analyzed. The results show that the bearing capacity of the piles are increased in different degrees after grouting although the technical parameters, including the patterns of grouting pipes, pressure, dosages of cement, duration of grouting lasting time, are different. However, the obtained values are very discrete. In addition, the calculation formula for the post-grouting piles under specified grouting condition was deduced based on the statistics analysis results of 57 test piles. The research results have been applied in the design of bridge foundation.

关键词： self-balanced testing technique     pile-end post-grouting     bearing capacity     grouting technology    

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Secondary transfer length and residual prestress of fractured strand in post-tensioned concrete beams

Lizhao DAI; Wengang XU; Lei WANG; Shanchang YI; Wen CHEN

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第3期   页码 388-400 doi: 10.1007/s11709-022-0809-1

摘要： An experimental study is performed on five post-tensioned concrete beams to explore the effects of different fracture positions on secondary transfer length and residual prestress of fractured strand. A numerical model is developed and used to predict the secondary transfer length and residual prestress of fractured strand in post-tensioned concrete beams. The model change interaction, which can deactivate and reactivate the elements for simulating the removal and reproduction of parts of the model, is used to reproduce the secondary anchorage of fractured strand. The numerical model is verified by experimental results. Results shows that the fractured strand can be re-anchored in concrete through the secondary anchorage, and the secondary transfer length of fractured strand with the diameter of 15.2 mm is 1133 mm. The residual prestress of fractured strand increases gradually in the secondary transfer length, and tends to be a constant beyond it. When the fractured strand is fully anchored in concrete, a minor prestress loss will appear, and the average prestress loss is 2.28% in the present study.

关键词： post-tensioned concrete beams     strand fracture     secondary transfer length     residual prestress    

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Application of membrane separation technology in post-combustion carbon dioxide capture process

Mo LI,Xiaobin JIANG,Gaohong HE

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2014年 第8卷 第2期   页码 233-239 doi: 10.1007/s11705-014-1408-z

摘要： Membrane separation technology is a possible breakthrough in post-combustion carbon dioxide capture process. This review first focuses on the requirements for CO separation membrane, and then outlines the existing competitive materials, promising preparation methods and processes to achieve desirable CO selectivity and permeability. A particular emphasis is addressed on polyimides, poly (ethylene oxide), mixed-matrix membrane, thermally-rearranged polymer, fixed site carrier membrane, ionic liquid membrane and electrodialysis process. The advantages and drawbacks of each of materials and methods are discussed. Research threads and methodology of CO separation membrane and the key issue in this area are concluded

关键词： membranes     carbon dioxide capture     separation     polymers     post-combustion    

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Severe adhesive small bowel obstruction

null

期刊论文

Appendiceal inflammation affects the length of stay following appendicectomy amongst children: a myth or reality?

null

期刊论文

Emergency strategies and trends in the management of liver trauma

null

期刊论文

屈螺酮炔雌醇片预防稽留流产清宫术后宫腔粘连初步研究

赵现立,刘朝阳,谭宏伟,张恩娣

期刊论文

Efficacy and safety of JAK inhibitor INC424 in patients with primary and post-polycythemia vera or post-essential

null

期刊论文

Dynamic modelling and simulation of a post-combustion CO capture process for coal-fired power plants

期刊论文

Adiponectin: mechanisms and new therapeutic approaches for restoring diabetic heart sensitivity to ischemic post-conditioning

null

期刊论文

Internet of Things (IoT)–blockchain-enabled pharmaceutical supply chain resilience in the post-pandemic

期刊论文

Parametric study of hexagonal castellated beams in post-tensioned self-centering steel connections

Hassan ABEDI SARVESTANI

期刊论文

Special issue: Advancing supply chain resilience for excellence in the post-pandemic era

期刊论文

Integrated adsorption and absorption process for post-combustion CO

Gongkui Xiao, Penny Xiao, Andrew Hoadley, Paul Webley

期刊论文

Interactions between remote ischemic conditioning and post-stroke sleep regulation

期刊论文

Experimental study on pile-end post-grouting piles for super-large bridge pile foundations

Weiming GONG, Guoliang DAI, Haowen ZHANG

期刊论文

Secondary transfer length and residual prestress of fractured strand in post-tensioned concrete beams

Lizhao DAI; Wengang XU; Lei WANG; Shanchang YI; Wen CHEN

期刊论文

Application of membrane separation technology in post-combustion carbon dioxide capture process

Mo LI,Xiaobin JIANG,Gaohong HE

期刊论文